Beta glucan Lowers Blood Lipids

BERLIN—Barley beta-glucan reduces serum lipid levels, according to research presented in
April at the First International Congress on Pre-Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.

In the six-week study, 76 men and 79 women with hypercholesterolemia, aged

25 to 73, completed a four-week lowfat diet prior to baseline. At the beginning of the trial,
test subjects were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups or a control group and
assayed for blood lipids and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers. During the course of the study, test groups were administered 3 g and 5 g doses of low molecular weight (LMW) or high molecular weight (HMW) barley beta-glucan (from Cargill) twice daily, in cereal and juice.

Posttreatment assessment of blood lipids and other CVD biomarkers revealed improvements in

low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, markers of glycemic control

(glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA model) and a key marker of inflammation

(hs-CRP).

The researchers concluded both doses of LMW and HMW barley beta-glucan improved blood lipids
over a six-week treatment period.

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nice information about controlling blood pressure.can you tell us some simple ways to control fats

What is systolic and diastolic blood pressure.can we avoid heart attack by controlling blood pressure?

The heart, a muscle about the size of a fist, is one of the hardest working organs in our bodies. Over the course of an average life span, it beats about two and a half billion times without ever taking a break. The daily choices we make about how we live our lives determine our hearts' ability to function optimally.

According to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular disease is the number one killer in the United States. More than 2,600 people die of heart disease every day, which translates into one cardiovascular death every 33 seconds.

Despite the seriousness and prevalence of heart disease, cardiovascular problems aren't inevitable. There are steps you can take -- eating a healthy, low-fat diet and getting plenty of exercise -- to reduce your risk. On the other hand, bad habits such as smoking and drinking too much alcohol overburden our already busy hearts and cause them to break down.

"Cardiovascular disease is a real problem in the United States," said Elijah Saunders, M.D., Head of the Hypertension Section of the University of Maryland School of Medicine's Division of Cardiology. "The average American diet is high in fat, cholesterol, calories and salt, and our lifestyles are far too sedentary."
Elevated Blood Pressure: The Silent Killer

Hypertension or high blood pressure is often a precursor to heart disease. High blood pressure that goes undetected or isn't properly controlled can lead to heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, stroke or premature death. Because hypertension has few early symptoms, many people aren't aware they have it.

"Only about half of the people in this country who have high blood pressure know they have it," said Saunders. "Of those who know they have it, only about half are being treated for it. And of those being treated for it, only about half actually have their blood pressure under control. Nationwide, that translates into about 25 percent of hypertensive patients who are controlling their blood pressure."

According to Saunders, many people shy away from taking the medications that could help them manage their blood pressure because they are concerned about their side effects. Treatment methods, however, have improved over the years, and some of the old fears are unfounded.

"The way drugs are being used to control high blood pressure today is much more effective than in the past," Saunders said. "Doctors are using ACE inhibitors, Calcium channel blockers, Beta-blockers, Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs), Alpha-blockers and low-dose diuretics in ways that don't cause the sexual complications and other side effects of older therapies. Also, these new drugs only need to be taken once a day, instead of two or three times a day. This is a lot easier for patients."

Saunders, who has served on the Advisory Council of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, has lectured extensively on hypertension. Throughout his career, he has focused on hypertension among the elderly and African American populations.

Statistics show that African Americans are 50 to 100 percent more likely to develop high blood pressure than their white counterparts. African Americans also develop hypertension at younger ages than whites, have a harder time keeping it under control and die from it at much higher rates.

Saunders is currently working with the National Institutes of Health to understand any possible genetic factors that increase hypertension in African Americans.

"Unlike sickle cell, I doubt that we're going to discover a single gene that predisposes African Americans to hypertension," Saunders said. "More than likely, it is a combination of environmental factors such as diet, obesity, physical inactivity and stress that contribute to the increased rates of high blood pressure we see in the African American community."

The body's internal clock helps to regulate a water-storing hormone so that nightly dehydration or trips to

the toilet are not the norm, research suggests.
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In an article published in Nature Neuroscience today,wow power leveling neurophysiologists Eric Trudel and

Charles Bourque at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada,

propose a mechanism by which the body's circadian system, or internal clock, controls water regulation1. By

allowing cells that sense water levels to activate cells that release vasopressin, a hormone that instructs

the body to store water, the circadian system keeps the body hydrated during sleep.
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"We've known for years that there's a rhythm of vasopressin that gets high when you're sleeping.aoc gold But

no one knew how that occurred. And this group identified a very concrete physiological mechanism of how it

occurs," says Christopher Colwell, a neuroscientist who studies sleep and circadian rhythms at the David

Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles.
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The body regulates its water content mainly by balancing water intake through thirst with water loss through

urine production.age of conan power leveling maple story mesos People don't drink during sleep, so the body

has to minimize water loss to remain sufficiently hydrated. Scientists knew that low water levels excite a

group of cells called osmosensory neurons, which direct another set of neurons to release vasopressin into

the bloodstream. Vasopressin levels increase during sleep; clock neurons, meanwhile, get quieter.
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Trudel and Bourque tested the idea that lower clock-neuron activity might allow osmosensory neurons to more

easily activate vasopressin-releasing neurons,aion gold which would mean more water retention and less urine

production during sleep.
To do this, they isolated thin slices of rat brain containing intact sensory, vasopressin-releasing and

clock neurons. Even when removed from the brain, clock neurons continue to mark time.
The duo then stimulated the sensory neurons and recorded any electrical activity in the vasopressin-

releasing neurons to monitor communication between the two cell groups. The researchers then moved on to

look at the effect of the clock cells on this pathway. When they did not activate the clock cells during the

'sleep' part of their cycle, it was easier for the sensory cells to communicate with vasopressin-releasing

cells. Conversely, when they activated the clock cells, this communication decreased markedly.
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The results suggest that clock cells function as a dimmer switch for water control.maple story mesos When

their activity is high, they prevent sensory cells from instructing secretory cells to release vasopressin.

Then, when clock cells are less active, sensory cells can easily instruct secretory cells to release

vasopressin, ensuring that the body holds on to its water reserves.
Colwell points out that the study was done in rats, which are nocturnal. Although the vasopressin cycle and

clock-neuron activity are similar in rats and humans, the question of whether the same mechanism occurs in

animals that sleep at night remains to be answered.
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"We show this for this one circuit,dog clothes but it's possible that clock neurons regulate other circuits

in a similar manner and this remains to be studied," says Bourque. He speculates that future studies might

reveal whether the same mechanism regulates hunger, sleepiness and other aspects of physiology related to

circadian rhythms.